Professional, continuous and effective training is one of the most important solutions for self-protection and sustainable prevention of violations and accidents of motorcycle riders, and in this context, the most basic step in compiling and implementing their training program is the correct implementation based on the reality of the needs assessment process. . Therefore, the main goal of this research is to assess the needs and prioritize training of motorcycle riders. This research was exploratory in terms of applied purpose and mixed method. The statistical population of the experts of the qualitative section of Tehran Traffic Police and Imam Hasan Mojtabi University of Officers and Police Training (AS), in the quantitative section, were the excellent accident experts of the 28 districts of the Tehran Traffic Police. Sampling in the qualitative part by a purposeful method based on criteria until reaching theoretical saturation and in the quantitative part by a simple random method equal to Morgan's table were 274 people. The factor loadings of comprehensiveness with a value of 0.866, value and credibility with a value of 0.861, cultural participation with a value of 0.879, and realism with a value of 0.756 are significant at the level of 0.95 and respectively have the greatest impact. to the comprehensiveness dimension of education - a very strong relationship - and then related to the value and validity of education, a strong relationship, and then related to cultural participation, an average relationship, and finally, the least impact related to the realism dimension in the educational needs assessment and prioritization model It is motorcycle riders. Motorcycle riders need more technical and practical knowledge about self-care and prevention of traffic accidents, which needs to be taken into the attention of those in charge of specialized safety training and the theoretical and practical training programs provided in driving schools are appropriate to Their general, real and practical needs should be changed in a diverse range of educational standards.

Background and objectives: Due to the high number of traffic accident fatalities (51% at the scene and 49% during hospital transfer) and traffic crime statistics, it is necessary to conduct this investigation. The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize sociological factors affecting the lawlessness of motorcycle riders in Tehran. Methodology: In terms of its objectives, this study is of an applied research type and in terms of data collection procedure it is a descriptive-survey study. The analysis or sample unit consists of 90 law violators who have violated the rules in the geographical area of the city of Tehran and have thus been fined. Findings: Based on the findings of the study, the factors are prioritized as follows: first, turmoil; second, discrimination; third, social welfare; fourth, individualism; fifth, childhood upbringing; sixth, law ignorance, seventh, family status, eighth, behavior violence, ninth, awareness of the law effect, tenth, awareness of media influence. Results: Based on the results obtained by applying proper planning based on the approach that results from the existing problems, as well as considering the future conditions we can witness the improvement of the quality and quantity of motorcycles and reduce its problems. In addition, optimizing the status of motorcycles displacement would cause costs reduction in different dimensions whose major contribution is to improve the traffic density in the network of passages.

Background: Use of helmets plays a major role in preventing injuries or decreasing injury severity among motorcycle riders. Use of helmets may depend on personal factors such as psychological factors.Objectives: The aim of this study was to independently assess the association between helmet use among motorcycle riders and ADHD scores, with controlling the accident history and was taken more sensitive measures if helmet use was different between motorcycle riders, according to their ADHD scores.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 205 motorcycle riders referred to Kerman Referral Injury Hospital after a motorcycle traffic accident. Friends and family members possessing motorcycles who visited the patient in this facility were included in our sample. The Persian version of the Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) self-report (screening version) was used in order to screen for adult ADHD. CAARS scores were compared between those who usually used helmets and those who did not.Results: Univariable analysis showed the mean of the age variable was significantly higher in the helmeted group, 26.947.72 vs.23.08 7.7.32, (P<0.001). The majority of the non-helmeted group was single (P<0.001). Subjects with secondary educational level were more often in the helmeted group (P=0.007). Daily and weekly driving hours were higher in the non-helmeted group (P=0.002 and P=0.004). Most of the subjects in the helmeted group had a driving license in comparison with the other group (P<0.001). There was not a significant association between SES and having hyperactive children and helmet use (P=0.159). In all ADHD subscales, a significant association was found and scores were higher in the non-helmeted group (P<0.05). Nevertheless, multivariable analysis did not confirm the association of the ADHD screening score with helmet use.Conclusions: The result of this study did not find an independent association between ADHD and helmet use.

Dramatic growth in motorcycle usage coupled with the riders’ high-risk driving behavior calls for a reform in motorcycle monitoring schemes in developing countries. In Tehran, Iran, about one million motorcycle license plates are registered in the city, of which more than 35% are unreadable, proving the existing monitoring schemes fall short in regulating motorcycle operations. A More Strict Plate Control (MSPC) is proposed to address the issue. While there is no question about the necessity of this policy, Tehran policymakers are concerned about the acceptance level of this policy. This study investigates its acceptance among motorcyclists, the major potential opponent population, in Tehran. To this end, 400 riders have been surveyed. Data analysis shows that subjective factors, such as driving behavior and attitudes, highly impact acceptance. Also, aggressive riders are more likely to disagree with the policy, but most of the motorcyclists did not disagree with a More Strict Plate Control (MSPC) Policy.